Page for Property Owners

This page is intended for apartment owners who rent out their properties.
Hi, dear apartment owner.
If you’re reading this, it means that mold has appeared in the apartment you’re renting out, and it has already started causing real health problems for your tenants.
My name is Dani. I’m a young scientist and a specialist in the field of mold mycology in residential buildings, and I work professionally with this problem. In this article, I want to explain in detail and honestly why mold is not a “harmless spot” on the wall or a cosmetic defect, but a real threat to human health and life—a threat that, according to medical data and clinical practice, regularly leads to severe illnesses and even fatal outcomes.

My goal is for this to be understood not only by your tenants, but also by you personally, as well as your family and loved ones. I also strongly encourage you to verify my statements with medical professionals—first and foremost pulmonologists and infectious disease specialists. Experience shows that people begin to take the danger of mold seriously far too late, often only when someone ends up in the hospital with a severe fungal infection of the lungs or other serious complications. It is precisely this “too late” moment that I want to help prevent.
The image shows CT scans of the lungs with severe fungal involvement. Clearly visible are pronounced cavities, destruction of lung tissue, infiltrates, and areas of necrosis—hallmark signs of invasive fungal infection, including those associated with mold fungi.
Such changes do not develop overnight. They are the result of prolonged exposure to spores and metabolic byproducts of mold, often in situations where the problem was ignored for a long time or dismissed as harmless.
These conditions are life-threatening and require complex, aggressive treatment, which is not always successful.
It’s important to set the record straight from the start: mold is not a cosmetic defect and not just a dark stain on the wall. Mold is a group of fungi—living biological organisms that actively grow, reproduce, and continuously affect both the indoor environment and the people inside it.

From the perspective of human health impact, these fungi are conventionally divided into pathogenic, allergenic, and toxigenic types. Each of these categories represents a real, medically documented threat to health. Mold exposure can be acute or cumulative, but in all cases, it is not harmless.
Споры
The screenshot shows a publication by the international research center CIDRAP, referencing a systematic review published in The Lancet Infectious Diseases. The review demonstrates that global mortality from invasive fungal diseases has nearly doubled in recent years.
According to the authors’ estimates, more than 6.5 million people worldwide develop severe invasive fungal infections every year, and over 3.7 million people die annually. Of these deaths, approximately 2.5 million are directly caused by fungi themselves, rather than by underlying or associated conditions.
These data officially confirm that mold and mold-related fungal infections are not rare occurrences or isolated cases, but rather a large-scale and growing global threat to human health.
It’s important to understand one more thing that many people prefer not to think about: mold really does kill people. This is not an opinion or a scare tactic—it is a fact reflected in official medical data, including statistics from the Israeli Ministry of Health. In most cases, however, the immediate cause of death listed in medical records is the complication—respiratory failure, infection, or systemic damage—rather than the mold itself, which was the underlying root cause.

The danger of mold is not limited to isolated incidents or rare exceptions. According to large international medical reviews and expert assessments, millions of people worldwide die each year from invasive fungal infections. Current estimates indicate that the total number of deaths associated with severe fungal diseases reaches 3.5–4 million annually, of which approximately 2–2.5 million are direct deaths caused by fungi themselves, not by secondary complications. Aspergillosis alone, a disease directly linked to mold fungi, is estimated to cause hundreds of thousands of deaths every year. These figures are reported in scientific publications and analytical reports by international research centers that work with global health statistics.

The problem is further compounded by the fact that fungal infections are still poorly diagnosed, and effective antifungal treatments are limited, often toxic, and do not guarantee success. Because of this, the true impact of mold on human health and mortality has long been underestimated.

Another critical aspect of mold danger is that its effects are rarely obvious immediately. Mold does not act like a fast-acting poison. More often, it causes long-term, cumulative exposure, where spores and fungal metabolic byproducts are constantly present in the indoor air. A person may live for weeks or months in such an environment without connecting their worsening health to the apartment itself—until the consequences become severe. This is precisely why mold is so often dismissed as a minor household issue, even though by its nature it represents a serious biological risk factor.
These are bronchoscopy images of the lungs affected by mold. They show how fungal infection involves the airways, causing inflammation, swelling, and disruption of normal lung function. Such conditions develop after prolonged exposure to mold fungi and their spores and can pose a serious, life-threatening risk.
Pathogenic mold poses the greatest danger because these fungi are capable of doing more than simply irritating the body—they can survive and exist inside it. With prolonged exposure, they affect the respiratory tract, can cause chronic inflammatory processes, fungal infections of internal organs, and serious complications, especially in people with weakened immune systems, as well as in children and the elderly.

What makes pathogenic mold particularly insidious is that its effects are often masked as common illnesses: a persistent cough, constant fatigue, or “unexplained” infections that respond poorly to standard treatments.
Это кадры пациента из Индии которому удалили глаза из-за поражения плесенью
A striking example of how dangerous pathogenic mold can be is the situation that occurred in India. In the post–COVID-19 period, the country experienced a large-scale outbreak of severe fungal infections, primarily mucormycosis, which is directly linked to mold fungi.

The disease affected the sinuses, eyes, and respiratory tract, progressed rapidly, and often led to irreversible consequences. In many cases, life-saving treatment required the surgical removal of an eye or parts of the facial tissues, and mortality remained high even with medical intervention.

This situation clearly demonstrated that mold is not a “household nuisance,” but a factor capable of triggering large-scale medical disasters.
Споры
This is what the brain of a person looks like when invasive mycosis caused by pathogenic mold has developed. Such fungi can exist for long periods in residential environments—for example, growing on walls or within building structures—and under certain conditions can penetrate the human body.
In severe cases, the fungal infection can spread beyond the respiratory tract and affect the central nervous system, including the brain. This is one of the most dangerous and difficult-to-treat conditions in medicine, associated with high mortality and severe long-term consequences for survivors.
In the most severe cases, pathogenic mold fungi can affect the central nervous system. When the infection reaches the brain, it leads to a fungal involvement characterized by extremely high mortality and great difficulty in treatment. Diagnosis of such conditions is challenging, therapy is limited to toxic and not always effective antifungal drugs, and time is often a critical factor.

This is precisely why mortality from invasive fungal infections remains high even in countries with advanced healthcare systems. In many cases, the tragic outcome is not due to a lack of medical treatment, but to the fact that the danger of mold is underestimated for a long time, allowing exposure to continue until the process becomes irreversible.
Here is another example of a lung bronchoscopy. In this case, the fungal growth is clearly visible—the mold is not just on the surface, but inside the lung tissue itself. This is a severe condition in which the person truly suffers.

Such damage does not appear suddenly. It is the result of long-term exposure, ignored symptoms, and delayed response. And all of this happens because at some point someone decided that mold was harmless—that it could simply be painted over, washed away, or ignored.
Allergenic mold is the most common type found in apartments, and it is often considered the least dangerous—and that is exactly where the mistake lies. Its spores are constantly present in the air, easily enter the respiratory tract, and trigger a cumulative reaction in the body.

Over time, this can lead to chronic runny nose, persistent coughing, asthma attacks, skin reactions, and severe allergic crises. In my own practice, there was a real case in which exposure to mold of the Cladosporium genus caused an extremely severe reaction: a woman fell into a coma and required treatment at Ichilov Hospital. Prior to that, her condition had long been dismissed as “just a common allergy.”
This is roughly what an intensive care unit looks like. This is where a person is typically taken when an acute episode related to mold exposure develops—when time is no longer measured in days, but in hours.
Toxigenic mold acts even more insidiously. These fungi release mycotoxins—toxic substances that poison the body even in the absence of obvious allergic symptoms. A person may experience constant fatigue, headaches, reduced concentration, and unusual changes in well-being that are difficult to directly link to the apartment.

The danger of toxigenic mold lies in the fact that its effects are slow and cumulative. People may live with it for months or even years without realizing the true cause of their declining health.
Споры
In the photo on the left is Awaab Ishak, a British boy from the town of Rochdale. On the right is the wall in the apartment where he lived. The mold on that wall was not a stain, not an aesthetic issue, and not harmless. It was slowly destroying the child’s body, day after day, until it led to his death.
Throughout this time, the property owner insisted that there was no danger and that nothing serious was happening. The outcome was a dead child, a government investigation, and legal recognition at the state level of the fact that ignoring mold kills.
It’s important to understand that this is not a theoretical threat. Prolonged exposure to mold and its metabolic byproducts was the direct cause of death of a boy named Awaab Ishak in the United Kingdom. This case clearly demonstrated that toxigenic mold in a residential environment can be deadly, even when the problem appears “minor” or insignificant on the surface for a long time.
Споры
The screenshot shows a Reuters report on the outbreak of mucormycosis (“black fungus”) in India following COVID-19. Thousands of people lost their eyesight, and in many cases, life-saving treatment required the removal of an eye or parts of the facial tissue.
This was a severe invasive fungal infection caused by mold, which progressed rapidly and often resulted in permanent disability or death. The outbreak became a clear demonstration that mold is not a minor household issue, but a real biological threat capable of maiming and killing.
How is the mold problem usually dealt with?
The first thing most apartment owners usually think of is simply pouring bleach over the mold or using some store-bought “anti-mold” product. And this is exactly where the fundamental mistake is made. Chlorine-based and household cleaners work only on the surface and do not penetrate deep into porous materials. As a result, only the visible part of the colony is destroyed, while the mycelium remains alive and viable inside the wall, plaster, or other substrate.

Moreover, common mold fungi such as Aspergillus and Penicillium have an evolutionarily developed defense mechanism. When exposed to aggressive external actions—chemical spraying, mechanical cleaning, bleaching—the fungus begins to actively release conidia (spores). As a result, contamination does not decrease; on the contrary, it spreads even more throughout the space.

This leads to a simple and logical question: how can a household “anti-mold” product, which is neither a mycocide nor a fungicide, suppress a colony and prevent spore release? The answer is simple—it can’t. Such products do not kill the fungus as a living organism. They merely bleach the surface and mask the problem, creating the illusion of cleanliness and safety while the mold continues to live and grow inside the material.
Споры
The image shows the mycelium of a mold fungus under a microscope. A branched network of hyphae penetrating deep into the material is clearly visible. This is how mold actually exists in reality—not as a surface stain, but as a deeply embedded living organism that anchors itself within the structure of walls, plaster, or other porous materials.
In such cases, surface cleaning or painting over the area does not eliminate the problem, because the main body of the fungus remains inside the material and continues to grow.
Such a situation is especially dangerous if children live in the apartment. Their respiratory systems and immune defenses are far more sensitive to fungal spores and mycotoxins. Prolonged exposure to mold in a living environment stops being an abstract risk and becomes a direct threat to health, with consequences that may not appear immediately but can be severe and irreversible.
Споры
The photograph shows Melinda Ballard (USA). After a water leak in her home in Texas, severe toxic mold developed, leading to serious health problems for the entire family, including a child. The house became uninhabitable, and mold exposure was recognized as a direct cause of harm to health.
This case resulted in a major lawsuit and became one of the first nationally known examples demonstrating that mold in residential housing is a real health threat, not merely a household inconvenience.
For a property owner, this means that mold is not just a matter of tenant comfort, but a direct risk. A risk of complaints, tenants moving out, loss of income, damage to reputation, and in some cases legal liability, if a link is established between the condition of the property and harm to health. That is why mold cannot be treated superficially or addressed with temporary measures that create the illusion of cleanliness but do not eliminate the root cause.

It is especially important to address one of the most common—and in fact most dangerous—“methods” of dealing with mold: painting over it. This approach is not merely mistaken; it is deeply irresponsible. First, any attempt to mechanically disturb a mold colony—scraping, cleaning, or painting—triggers a massive release of conidia (spores). These spores spread throughout the space, settle on furniture and textiles, enter the respiratory tract, and effectively expand the contaminated area. What was once a localized problem becomes airborne contamination.
Споры
Some mold fungi can cause eye irritation and redness, especially in children. This happens because fungal spores and metabolic byproducts easily come into contact with the mucous membranes, triggering an inflammatory response. A child’s body is more sensitive to such exposure, so even relatively low concentrations of mold allergens can lead to pronounced redness, itching, and tearing.
Second, painting over mold destroys only the visual defect. The mycelium remains alive. Most household mold fungi are aerobic organisms, and even under a layer of paint they continue to survive. The fungus retains its enzymatic activity, gradually breaks down the paint layer, and eventually reappears on the surface. The only difference is that now it is hidden beneath the material, making removal significantly more difficult, both technically and biologically.

In practice, painting over mold does not solve the problem—it preserves it, creating conditions for continued growth in a concealed form. That is why months or a year later the mold “suddenly” reappears, often on an even larger scale. From a sanitation and health perspective, this is one of the worst possible scenarios.
Споры
The photo shows mold inside an air conditioner. This is one of the most dangerous sources of contamination in an apartment, because the air conditioner actively distributes mold spores through the air. Every time it is turned on, those spores are delivered directly into the respiratory tract of everyone in the room.
In such cases, mold is no longer a localized issue. The fungus has colonized the air-conditioning system, meaning exposure is constant, invisible, and occurring at high concentrations.
Mold is genuinely a dangerous biological factor, and this is not an exaggeration. We are not talking about mere “discomfort” or “allergies in sensitive individuals,” but about the risk of severe and sometimes irreversible health consequences.

In medical practice, there are well-documented cases where mold exposure has led to fatal outcomes, especially among children, the elderly, and people with weakened immune systems. Such cases do not always appear clearly in statistics, because death is often recorded as a complication—respiratory failure, infection, or systemic inflammation—while the root cause is prolonged exposure to fungi and their toxins.
Споры
The photo shows a typical duct sleeve of a central air-conditioning system (central / mini-central AC). Over time, dangerous mold forms inside these ducts, in areas that are impossible to reach using standard cleaning or disinfection methods.
As of today, there is no other technology capable of effectively destroying this mold under such conditions. My technology is the only one that allows this to be done safely and effectively, even in places that are physically inaccessible.
The danger of mold is compounded by the fact that fungal diseases and mycotoxic exposure remain among the least studied areas of medicine. Antifungal drugs do exist, but they are toxic themselves, have a very narrow therapeutic window, and are far from consistently effective.

Many forms of fungal disease respond poorly to treatment, and diagnosis is often delayed because the symptoms are nonspecific and not immediately linked to the living environment. As a result, in some cases people truly become almost impossible to save—not because modern medicine is absent, but because of the complexity and insidious nature of the problem itself.
What do I offer?
As a young scientist and a specialist in the mycology of mold fungi in residential environments, I work professionally in an area that is largely overlooked by both clinical mycology and academic science. This field focuses on how mold behaves in real living spaces—apartments, houses, building structures, and finishing materials—rather than under controlled laboratory conditions.

That is why I have developed my own approach and a well-founded professional position, based on practical observations, measurements, and hands-on work with real properties, not on abstract or purely theoretical models.
Споры
The photograph shows my lecture at Tel Aviv University. The presentation was devoted to practical mold mycology in residential environments and applied methods for preventing mold growth.
Over years of practical work and research, I have developed my own mold treatment technology, based on a mycological approach. My principle is simple: before destroying anything, you must first understand what you are dealing with. Ideally, this means identifying the genus, and preferably the species, of the fungus—and only then selecting a targeted, comprehensive treatment, based on the biological vulnerabilities of that specific organism.
Споры
The photograph shows my talk at the Limmud Israel conference. During the conference, I spoke about practical mold mycology in residential environments and the real risks associated with mold in apartments and houses.
Mold is never “just black” or “just green.” This is a common and dangerous misconception. For example, the genus Aspergillus alone includes more than 250 species, each with different mycelial penetration depth, defense mechanisms, resistance to external воздействия, material preferences, and patterns of impact on human health. There are no universal solutions here.
An example of readings from my professional measurement equipment, which identified a potential dew point and allowed the development of mold fungi of the Cladosporium and Penicillium genera to be prevented. Early detection of critical microclimate parameters made it possible to eliminate the conditions under which fungal growth would have been inevitable.
That is why, in my work, I always begin with a full, in-depth assessment of the space. I use microscopy, concrete moisture measurements, growth analysis, and practical knowledge gained not from textbooks, but from real-world cases.

It’s important to understand that classical mycology rarely deals with mold on the walls of residential buildings, and standard construction or sanitary approaches do not take fungal biology into account. It is precisely this gap between science and real life that leads to most mistakes.

My goal is not to mask the problem or create an illusion of cleanliness, but to work with mold as a living biological organism—understanding how it grows, defends itself, spreads, and how it can truly be stopped.
As a rule, I begin the work with my signature anti-spore treatment. This is an original technology that I developed entirely from scratch, without borrowing or relying on template solutions. As of today, it has no direct analogues, because it is based not on household disinfection, but on an understanding of mold biology.

The method is based on a gaseous oxidative agent, specifically designed for working with mold in residential and technical spaces. In terms of oxidative capacity, it is approximately 3,000 times more active than chlorine, yet it is unstable and fully decomposes within a few hours, without accumulating in the environment or damaging materials. Unlike liquid or surface-applied products, the gaseous form allows the agent to penetrate porous building materials, structural depths, and hard-to-reach cavities that are physically inaccessible to mechanical treatment.
The key distinction of this technology is that the impact is not a stress-based irritant, but a volumetric biochemical attack. The agent disrupts the protective mechanisms of mold fungi, including the conidia release mechanism—the very process by which standard treatments often make contamination worse. As a result, the fungus loses its ability to survive and regenerate, rather than simply being “burned” on the surface.

After treatment, the fungus dies completely, including the mycelium. In practice, this looks as follows: the mold loses its structure, breaks down, and effectively turns into a dry residue that can be removed with minimal effort. This is not masking and not a temporary effect—it is biological destruction of the organism.

The idea behind creating this agent did not come from theory, but from real-world practice. After immigrating to Israel and obtaining certification as an air-conditioning technician, I regularly encountered systems where dirt, mold, and biological contamination had accumulated for years. Chlorine, standard antifungal chemicals, and mechanical cleaning produced no meaningful results—neither in odor reduction nor in improvements to clients’ health. That is when, together with engineers and chemists, I developed my own solution designed specifically for real operating environments.

In 2024, a new generation of reactors was created, making it possible to stabilize and scale the agent generation process. Today, I work strictly within a scientific framework: I perform diagnostics, analyze the type of mold and growth conditions, and only then apply treatment. This approach makes it possible not just to “remove a stain,” but to stop the problem at its root cause.
And finally, I’ll give you a simple and free piece of advice—a small practical guide. It’s a short test that helps you understand who you’re dealing with: an ordinary cleaner who will just spray bleach, or someone who actually understands the basics of mold mycology.

Before inviting a specialist into your home, ask them just three questions:

  1. What is the difference between a conidium and a sporangium?
  2. How does Aspergillus niger differ from Stachybotrys chartarum?
  3. Why does mold often begin to spread more aggressively—sometimes in new areas—after mechanical cleaning or treatment with household chemicals?
The answers will tell you everything you need to know.
Источники (рекомендую перепроверить и прочитать каждый)
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Aspergillosis — statistics & epidemiology. Available at:
www.cdc.gov/fungal/diseases/aspergillosis/index.html (accessed: 29.12.2025)

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Mucormycosis (black fungus) — data and research. Available at:
www.cdc.gov/mucormycosis/data-research/index.html (accessed: 29.12.2025)

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Fungal diseases and mortality data. Available at:
www.cdc.gov/fungal/ (accessed: 29.12.2025)

World Health Organization (WHO). WHO fungal priority pathogens list to guide research, development and public health action. Geneva: WHO, 2022. Available at:
www.who.int/publications/i/item/9 789 240 060 241 (accessed: 29.12.2025)

CIDRAP — Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy, University of Minnesota. Global mortality from fungal diseases has nearly doubled. Available at:
www.cidrap.umn.edu/antimicrobial-stewardship/global-mortality-fungal-diseases-has-nearly-doubled (accessed: 29.12.2025)

Ministry of Health of Israel. Official publications on infectious and environmental health risks. Available at:
www.gov.il/en/departments/ministry_of_health (accessed: 29.12.2025)
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